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k8s v1.20二进制高可用集群安装部署

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发表于 2022-9-21 20:25:03 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
环境
centos7.9
k8s v1.20k8s v1.20二进制部署所需资源:
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ycbf_KNPLtqNFCSalgcCpA
提取码:w3th服务器整体规划:
安装前记得先规划好集群节点替换对应的节点IP。
k8s-master01    192.168.110.131         kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd,nginx,keepalived

k8s-master02    192.168.110.132         kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,nginx,keepalived

k8s-master03    192.168.110.133         kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,nginx,keepalived

k8s-node01      192.168.110.134         kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd
k8s-node02      192.168.110.135         kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd
k8s-master-lb   192.168.110.136         (VIP)   Nginx+Keepalived 不占硬件资源,在3台master上

pod 网段: 10.96.0.0/16                #kube-controller-manager中的--cluster-cidr字段
service 网段: 10.244.0.0/16           #后面搭建apiserver、kube-controller-manager的时候定义
kubernetes ClusterIP: 10.244.0.1      #集群service的第一个IP,自动分配
kube-dns ClusterIP: 10.244.0.2        #部署CoreDNS的时候需要把coredns.yaml中clusterIP字段修改成10.244.0.2单Master服务器规划:
k8s-master01    192.168.110.131     kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,etcd
k8s-node01      192.168.110.134     kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd
k8s-node02      192.168.110.135     kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd
先配置单master集群,后面再手动扩展和配置高可用
配置ssh免登录:master01操作
执行前先把下面第一点中的修改主机名和添加hosts做了
ssh-keygen -t rsa   #全部回车
for i in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02;do ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub $i;done
一、在所有集群节点初始化配置

修改主机名:
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master01  # master01执行
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master02  # master02执行
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master03  # master03执行
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node01    # node01执行
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node02    # node02执行添加hosts:
cat >>  /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.110.131 k8s-master01
192.168.110.132 k8s-master02
192.168.110.133 k8s-master03
192.168.110.134 k8s-node01
192.168.110.135 k8s-node02
192.168.110.136 k8s-master-lb
EOF关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld关闭selinux
永久:
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config临时:
setenforce 0关闭swap
永久:
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab临时:
swapoff -a
升级指定内核版本:4.19.5
如果资源下载慢,网盘里面已经下载好了,可以直接用。
mkdir -p /root/k8s/deploy/kernel && cd /root/k8s/deploy/kernel
wget http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-4.19.5-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm && \
wget http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-devel-4.19.5-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm && \
wget http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-headers-4.19.5-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh kernel-ml-4.19.5-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm && \
rpm -ivh kernel-ml-devel-4.19.5-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm && \
rpm -ivh kernel-ml-headers-4.19.5-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm修改 GRUB 配置:
设置 GRUB_DEFAULT=0   # 意思是 GRUB 初始化页面的第一个内核将作为默认内核
sed -i 's/GRUB_DEFAULT=saved/GRUB_DEFAULT=0/g' /etc/default/grub查看内核启动顺序:
grep ^menuentry /etc/grub2.cfg | cut -f 2 -d \’重建内核配置并重启:
确认你的服务器是否可以重启
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg && sleep 2 && reboot
uname -a更新yum:
yum update -y && yum clean all && yum makecache安装ntpdate:
rpm -ivh http://mirrors.wlnmp.com/centos/wlnmp-release-centos.noarch.rpm && \
yum install ntpdate -y同步时间,时间同步配置如下:
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && \
echo 'Asia/Shanghai' > /etc/timezone && \
ntpdate time2.aliyun.com加入到crontab:
crontab -e
*/5 * * * * ntpdate time2.aliyun.com将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF重载:
sysctl --system
二、部署ETCD集群:

1)Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统,Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储,所以先准备一个Etcd数据库,为解决Etcd单点故障,应采用集群方式部署,这里使用3台组建集群,可容忍1台机器故障,当然,你也可以使用5台组建集群,可容忍2台机器故障。
ETCD数量通常为奇数个
etcd-1192.168.110.131
etcd-2192.168.110.134
etcd-3192.168.110.135
注:为了节省机器,这里与K8s节点机器复用。也可以独立于k8s集群之外部署,只要apiserver能连接到就行。

2.1、准备cfssl证书生成工具

cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具,使用json文件生成证书,相比openssl更方便使用。找任意一台服务器操作,这里用Master01节点。
网盘已下载好,可以直接用。
# 下载软件包
mkdir -p /root/k8s/deploy/tls/cfssl && cd /root/k8s/deploy/tls/cfssl

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64

chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64

cp cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
cp cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
cp cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
2.2、生成Etcd证书

2.2.1、自签证书颁发机构(CA)
创建证书存放目录:
mkdir -p /root/k8s/deploy/tls/{etcd,k8s} && cd /root/k8s/deploy/tls/etcd自签CA
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF生成证书:会生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -2.2.2、使用自签CA签发Etcd Https证书
也在etcd目录:/root/k8s/deploy/tls/etcd
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.110.131",
    "192.168.110.132",
    "192.168.110.133",
    "192.168.110.134",
    "192.168.110.135"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF注:上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP,一个都不能少!为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP,我把另外两台master节点也加了进去,后面做扩展用。
生成证书,会生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
2.3、部署Etcd集群 (master01上操作)

1)下载etcd二进制文件
网盘已下载。
mkdir -p /root/k8s/deploy/package && cd /root/k8s/deploy/package
wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz2)创建工作目录并解压二进制包
mkdir -p /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl}
tar -zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/3)创建etcd配置文件
cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.110.131:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.110.131:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.110.131:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.110.131:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.110.131:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.110.134:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.110.135:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF配置文件说明:
ETCD_NAME:节点名称,集群中唯一
ETCD_DATA_DIR:数据目录
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS:集群通信监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS:客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEERURLS:集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS:客户端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER:集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIALCLUSTER_TOKEN:集群Token
ETCD_INITIALCLUSTER_STATE:加入集群的当前状态,new是新集群,existing表示加入已有集群4)systemd管理etcd
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF5)拷贝生成的证书至指定位置
cp /root/k8s/deploy/tls/etcd/ca*pem /root/k8s/deploy/tls/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/6)启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl start etcd && systemctl enable etcd && systemctl status etcd注意:此时启动一台etcd会显示hang住,没有处于Running状态,暂时忽略,是因为其他两个节点并没有启动,可以查看日志/var/log/messages
7)将上面节点1所有生成的文件拷贝到节点2和节点3
scp -r /opt/etcd/ k8s-node01:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service k8s-node01:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

scp -r /opt/etcd/ k8s-node02:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service k8s-node02:/usr/lib/systemd/system/8)在node1和node2节点上分别修改etcd.conf配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务器IP
vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf  node1节点操作
修改字段:
ETCD_NAME                           # 修改此处,节点2改为etcd-2,节点3改为etcd-3
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URL                # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS             # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS    # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS          # 修改此处为当前服务器IP完整配置文件:
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-2"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.110.134:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.110.134:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.110.134:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.110.134:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.110.131:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.110.134:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.110.135:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf  node2节点操作
修改字段:
ETCD_NAME                           # 修改此处,节点2改为etcd-2,节点3改为etcd-3
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URL                # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS"            # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS    # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS          # 修改此处为当前服务器IP完整配置文件:
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-3"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.110.135:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.110.135:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.110.135:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.110.135:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.110.131:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.110.134:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.110.135:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"9)启动etcd并设置开机启动
在node01和node02节点上操作
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl start etcd && systemctl enable etcd && systemctl status etcd再把master01上的etcd-1重启下:
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart etcd && systemctl status etcd10)查看集群状态
master01操作
ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.110.131:2379,https://192.168.110.134:2379,https://192.168.110.135:2379" endpoint health --write-out=table显示结果如下,说明部署成功。
+------------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
|           ENDPOINT           | HEALTH |    TOOK     | ERROR |
+------------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
| https://192.168.110.131:2379 |   true | 27.619103ms |       |
| https://192.168.110.134:2379 |   true |  28.51477ms |       |
| https://192.168.110.135:2379 |   true | 30.966911ms |       |
+------------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
三、在所有集群节点上安装docker

如果有docker了,就不用安装了,docker版本尽量在19.x以上。
如果没有,一键安装:
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
systemctl start docker && systemctl enable docker && systemctl status docker配置docker国内镜像加速:
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{"registry-mirrors": ["https://u8n2zdxj.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]}
EOF重载:
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart docker && systemctl status docker
四、部署Master 节点

在master01上操作
4.1、部署kube-apiserver

4.1.1、自签证书签发机构(CA)
cd /root/k8s/deploy/tls/k8s
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF生成证书:生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -4.1.2、使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书
创建证书请求文件
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.244.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.110.131",
      "192.168.110.132",
      "192.168.110.133",
      "192.168.110.136",
      "192.168.110.137",
      "192.168.110.138",
      "192.168.110.139",
      "192.168.110.140",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF注意:上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP,一个都不能少!为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。
注: 如果 hosts 字段不为空则需要指定授权使用该证书的 IP 或域名列表。 由于该证书后续被 kubernetes master 集群使用,需要将master节点的IP都填上,同时还需要填写 service 网络的首个IP。(一般是 kube-apiserver 指定的 service-cluster-ip-range 网段的第一个IP,如 10.244.0.1)
      "10.244.0.1",   #servicer IP
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.110.131",        #master01
      "192.168.110.132",        #master02,预留
      "192.168.110.133",        #master03,预留
      "192.168.110.136",        #vip
      "192.168.110.137",        #预留
      "192.168.110.138",        #预留
      "192.168.110.139",        #预留
      "192.168.110.140"                #预留生成证书,生成server.pem和server-key.pem
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server4.1.3、部署kube-apiserver步骤
1)下载并解压二进制软件包
网盘已下载好。
下载对应版本:
https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.20.md
我选择的是v1.20.4
cd /root/k8s/deploy/package
wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.20.15/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} && \
tar -zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz && \
cd kubernetes/server/bin && \
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager kubectl /opt/kubernetes/bin && \
cp kubectl /usr/bin/2)创建配置文件
注意修改etcd-server IP、apiserver IP、service IP段、
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.110.131:2379,https://192.168.110.134:2379,https://192.168.110.135:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.110.131 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.110.131 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--service-account-issuer=api \\
--service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \\
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\
--enable-aggregator-routing=true \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF注:上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符,第二个是换行符,使用转义符是为了使用EOF保留换行符。
参数说明:

--logtostderr:启用日志

--v:日志等级

--log-dir:日志目录

--etcd-servers:etcd集群地址

--bind-address:监听地址

--secure-port:https安全端口

--advertise-address:集群通告地址

--allow-privileged:启用授权

--service-cluster-ip-range:Service虚拟IP地址段

--enable-admission-plugins:准入控制模块

--authorization-mode:认证授权,启用RBAC授权和节点自管理

--enable-bootstrap-token-auth:启用TLS bootstrap机制

--token-auth-file:bootstrap token文件

--service-node-port-range:Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围

--kubelet-client-xxx:apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书

--tls-xxx-file:apiserver https证书

1.20版本必须加的参数:--service-account-issuer,--service-account-signing-key-file

--etcd-xxxfile:连接Etcd集群证书

--audit-log-xxx:审计日志

启动聚合层相关配置:--requestheader-client-ca-file,--proxy-client-cert-file,--proxy-client-key-file,--requestheader-allowed-names,--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix,--requestheader-group-headers,--requestheader-username-headers,--enable-aggregator-routing3)拷贝生成的证书
cd /root/k8s/deploy/tls/k8s
cp /root/k8s/deploy/tls/k8s/ca*pem /root/k8s/deploy/tls/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/4)启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制
TLS Bootstraping:Master apiserver启用TLS认证后,Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信,必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以,当Node节点很多时,这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作,同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。为了简化流程,Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书,kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书,kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式,目前主要用于kubelet,kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。
5)创建token文件
格式:token,用户名,UID,用户组
生成token:
[root@k8s-master01 k8s]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
bde68eb08fabb126259d018b395115b6

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
bde68eb08fabb126259d018b395115b6,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF6)systemd管理apiserver
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF7)启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload && \
systemctl start kube-apiserver && \
systemctl enable kube-apiserver && \
systemctl status kube-apiserver测试
curl --insecure https://192.168.110.131:6443/有返回说明启动正常 。

4.2、部署kube-controller-manager

在master01上操作
1)创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.96.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF释义:
--cluster-cidr  #pod IP段,掩码需要是16位
--service-cluster-ip-range  #service IP段
--kubeconfig:连接apiserver配置文件
--leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,自动选举(HA)
--cluster-signing-cert-file/--cluster-signing-key-file:自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA,与apiserver保持一致2)生成kubeconfig文件
生成kube-controller-manager证书:
cd /root/k8s/deploy/tls/k8s创建证书请求文件:
cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "hosts": [
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.110.131",
      "192.168.110.132",
      "192.168.110.133",
      "192.168.110.137",
      "192.168.110.138",
      "192.168.110.139",
      "192.168.110.140"
    ],
    "names": [
      {
        "C": "CN",
        "ST": "Hubei",
        "L": "Wuhan",
        "O": "system:kube-controller-manager",
        "OU": "system"
      }
    ]
}
EOF释义:
注:
hosts 列表包含所有 kube-controller-manager 节点 IP;我这里填写3台master的IP,另外的为预留IP

CN 为 system:kube-controller-manager、O 为 system:kube-controller-manager,kubernetes 内置的 ClusterRoleBindings system:kube-controller-manager 赋予 kube-controller-manager 工作所需的权限生成证书:
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager生成kubeconfig文件(以下是linux命令,直接全部复制到终端执行):
cd /root/k8s/deploy/tls/k8s
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.110.131:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \
  --client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-controller-manager \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}3)systemd管理controller-manager
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF4)启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload && \
systemctl start kube-controller-manager && \
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager && \
systemctl status kube-controller-manager
4.3、部署kube-scheduler和kubectl

1)创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF释义:
--kubeconfig:连接apiserver配置文件
--leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,自动选举(HA)2)生成kubeconfig文件
生成kube-scheduler证书:
cd /root/k8s/deploy/tls/k8s创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
    "hosts": [
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.110.131",
      "192.168.110.132",
      "192.168.110.133",
      "192.168.110.137",
      "192.168.110.138",
      "192.168.110.139",
      "192.168.110.140"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
      {
        "C": "CN",
        "ST": "Hubei",
        "L": "Wuhan",
        "O": "system:kube-scheduler",
        "OU": "system"
      }
    ]
}
EOF注:
hosts 列表包含所有 kube-scheduler 节点 IP;我这里填的3台master IP,顺便预留了一些 。
CN 为 system:kube-scheduler、O 为 system:kube-scheduler,kubernetes 内置的 ClusterRoleBindings system:kube-scheduler 将赋予 kube-scheduler 工作所需的权限。
生成证书:
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler生成kubeconfig文件(以下是shell命令,直接在终端执行):
记得修改下KUBE_APISERVER的地址为master01地址
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.110.131:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \
  --client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-scheduler \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}3)systemd管理scheduler
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF4)启动并设置开机自启
systemctl daemon-reload && \
systemctl start kube-scheduler && \
systemctl enable kube-scheduler && \
systemctl status kube-scheduler5)查看集群状态
生成kubectl连接集群的证书:
cd /root/k8s/deploy/tls/k8s创建证书请求文件:
cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "admin",
   "hosts": [
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.110.131",
      "192.168.110.132",
      "192.168.110.133",
      "192.168.110.134",
      "192.168.110.135",
      "192.168.110.136",
      "192.168.110.137",
      "192.168.110.138",
      "192.168.110.139",
      "192.168.110.140",
      "192.168.110.150",
      "192.168.110.151",
      "192.168.110.152",
      "192.168.110.153",
      "192.168.110.154",
      "192.168.110.155",
      "192.168.110.156",
      "192.168.110.157",
      "192.168.110.158",
      "192.168.110.159",
      "192.168.110.160"
    ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF#hosts 列表包含所有 节点 IP,包括node节点以及预留的IP
192.168.110.150 - 192.168.110.160为node节点预留IP说明: 后续 kube-apiserver 使用 RBAC 对客户端(如 kubelet、kube-proxy、Pod)请求进行授权; kube-apiserver 预定义了一些 RBAC 使用的 RoleBindings,如 cluster-admin 将 Group system:masters 与 Role cluster-admin 绑定,该 Role 授予了调用kube-apiserver 的所有 API的权限;
O指定该证书的 Group 为 system:masters,kubelet 使用该证书访问 kube-apiserver 时 ,由于证书被 CA 签名,所以认证通过,同时由于证书用户组为经过预授权的 system:masters,所以被授予访问所有 API 的权限;
注: 这个admin 证书,是将来生成管理员用的kube config 配置文件用的,现在我们一般建议使用RBAC 来对kubernetes 进行角色权限控制, kubernetes 将证书中的CN 字段 作为User, O 字段作为 Group; “O”: “system:masters”, 必须是system:masters,否则后面kubectl create clusterrolebinding报错。
创建kubeconfig配置文件 kubeconfig 为 kubectl 的配置文件,包含访问 apiserver 的所有信息,如 apiserver 地址、CA 证书和自身使用的证书。
生成证书:
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin 创建kubeconfig配置文件 kubeconfig 为 kubectl 的配置文件,包含访问 apiserver 的所有信息,如 apiserver 地址、CA 证书和自身使用的证书
生成kubeconfig文件:
mkdir /root/.kubeKUBE_APISERVER IP修改成master01的地址
KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.110.131:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \
  --client-certificate=./admin.pem \
  --client-key=./admin-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=cluster-admin \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}授权kubernetes证书访问kubelet api权限:
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kube-apiserver:kubelet-apis --clusterrole=system:kubelet-api-admin --user kubernetes测试集群:
kubectl cluster-info        #会获取一些kubernetes信息
kubectl get cs        #查看各组件健康状态
kubectl get all --all-namespaces        #查看集群内所有资源
配置kubectl命令自动补全:
yum install -y bash-completion && \
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion && \
source <(kubectl completion bash) && \
kubectl completion bash > ~/.kube/completion.bash.inc && \
source '/root/.kube/completion.bash.inc' && \
source $HOME/.bash_profile && \
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc && \
source ~/.bashrc
6)授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap查看:
kubectl get clusterrolebinding | grep -i bootstrap
五、部署node节点

下面还是在master01节点上操作,即同时作为Worker Node。
5.1、创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件

在master01节点拷贝kubernetes-server安装包到/root/k8s/deploy/package目录
ssh k8s-node01 "mkdir -p /root/k8s/deploy/package"
ssh k8s-node02 "mkdir -p /root/k8s/deploy/package"

cd /root/k8s/deploy/package && \
scp kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz k8s-node01:/root/k8s/deploy/package && \
scp kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz k8s-node02:/root/k8s/deploy/package

然后分别到node01、node02执行以下操作
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} && \
cd /root/k8s/deploy/package && \
tar -xzvf  kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz && \
cd kubernetes/server/bin && \
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin5.2、部署kubelet

master01操作
1)创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-master01 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF参数说明:
--hostname-override:显示名称,集群中唯一
--network-plugin:启用CNI
--kubeconfig:空路径,会自动生成,后面用于连接apiserver
--bootstrap-kubeconfig:首次启动向apiserver申请证书
--config:配置参数文件
--cert-dir:kubelet证书生成目录
--pod-infra-container-image:管理Pod网络容器的镜像2)配置参数文件
记得修改clusterDNS IP,该IP为service IP段第二个IP
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.244.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF3)生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件
KUBE_APISERVER为master01 IP地址
TOKEN为先前生成的/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv  #两者一定要相同
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.110.131:6443"
TOKEN="bde68eb08fabb126259d018b395115b6"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}4)systemd管理kubelet
先把kubelet执行文件拷贝到/opt/kubernetes/bin/
cd /root/k8s/deploy/package && \
cp kubernetes/server/bin/kubelet /opt/kubernetes/bin/
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF5)启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload && \
systemctl start kubelet && \
systemctl enable kubelet && \
systemctl status kubelet6)批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群
# 查看kubelet证书请求
[root@k8s-master01 package]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-Mx-giFwde9lznMfc3l_TbQ1FvCu8vldrxUtWptCNh2Q   16s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

# 批准申请
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-Mx-giFwde9lznMfc3l_TbQ1FvCu8vldrxUtWptCNh2Q
>>> certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-nuWj9JztBCEhCymafYJFLuxl6kdSj9QOTbeXOa7xJw8 approved

# 查看节点(由于网络插件还没有部署,节点显示准备就绪 NotReady,暂时先忽略。)
kubectl get node   #这里有问题,没有获取到资源,查看日志显示system:kube-controller-manager有权限问题,解决办法:

kubectl create clusterrolebinding  controller-node-clusterrolebing --clusterrole=system:controller:node-controller --user=system:kube-controller-manager
​kubectl create clusterrolebinding kube-controller-manager --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user=system:kube-controller-manager

重启所有组件:
systemctl restart etcd.service && \
systemctl status etcd.service && \
systemctl restart kube-apiserver.service && \
systemctl status kube-apiserver.service && \
systemctl restart kube-controller-manager.service && \
systemctl status kube-controller-manager.service && \
systemctl restart kube-scheduler.service && \
systemctl status kube-scheduler.service && \
systemctl restart kubelet.service && \
systemctl status kubelet.service5.3、部署kube-proxy

master01操作
1)创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF2)配置参数文件
注意clusterCIDR为pod网段
hostnameOverride为master01节点主机名,别写错了
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-master01
clusterCIDR: 10.96.0.0/16
EOF3)生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件
生成kube-proxy证书:
创建证书请求文件:
cd /root/k8s/deploy/tls/k8s
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [
            "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.110.131",
      "192.168.110.132",
      "192.168.110.133",
      "192.168.110.134",
      "192.168.110.135",
      "192.168.110.136",
      "192.168.110.137",
      "192.168.110.138",
      "192.168.110.139",
      "192.168.110.140",
      "192.168.110.150",
      "192.168.110.151",
      "192.168.110.152",
      "192.168.110.153",
      "192.168.110.154",
      "192.168.110.155",
      "192.168.110.156",
      "192.168.110.157",
      "192.168.110.158",
      "192.168.110.159",
      "192.168.110.160"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF生成证书:
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy生成kubeconfig文件:
注意修改KUBE_APISERVER IP地址为master01地址
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.110.131:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}4)systemd管理kube-proxy
cp /root/k8s/deploy/package/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF5)启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload && \
systemctl start kube-proxy && \
systemctl enable kube-proxy && \
systemctl status kube-proxy
5.4、部署网络组件Calico

Calico是一个纯三层的数据中心网络方案,是目前Kubernetes主流的网络方案。
官网:https://projectcalico.docs.tigera.io/about/about-calico
部署Calico:
calico.yaml不用修改,可以直接执行
网盘已下载好,可以直接拿来用:k8s\deploy\package\calico.yaml
cd /root/k8s/deploy/package
wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.14/manifests/calico.yaml
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml查看calico状态:
kubectl get po,svc,deploy -A -o wide

5.5、授权apiserver访问kubelet

master01操作
cd /root/k8s/deploy/package
cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/proxy
      - nodes/stats
      - nodes/log
      - nodes/spec
      - nodes/metrics
      - pods/log
    verbs:
      - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:kube-apiserver
  namespace: ""
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
  - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kubernetes
EOF执行:
kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml5.6、新增Worker Node

1)拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点
在Master01节点将Worker Node涉及文件拷贝到新节点node01、node02:192.168.110.134、192.168.110.135
拷贝到node01节点:
scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.110.134:/opt/ && \
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.110.134:/usr/lib/systemd/system && \
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.110.134:/opt/kubernetes/ssl拷贝到node02节点:
scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.110.135:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.110.135:/usr/lib/systemd/system && \
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.110.135:/opt/kubernetes/ssl2)删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件
因为这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的,每个Node不同,所以必须删除。
在node01、node02节点操作
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig && \
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*3)修改配置文件中的主机名
在node01、node02节点操作
node01:
vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-node01

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-node01node02:
vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-node02

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-node024)启动并设置开机启动
node01、node02上操作
systemctl daemon-reload && \
systemctl start kubelet kube-proxy && \
systemctl enable kubelet kube-proxy && \
systemctl status kubelet kube-proxy5)在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请
在master01上操作
# 查看证书请求
[root@k8s-master01 package]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-py6S6tMt8hyMXFb-cp6oloxg2ZaYw0L8C2ezUXNwLq8   18s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
node-csr-tFBsqBiFMTTgBACstqeucyhHXOco2wRFKX8LOev8m-E   14s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

# 同意授权请求
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-py6S6tMt8hyMXFb-cp6oloxg2ZaYw0L8C2ezUXNwLq8
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-tFBsqBiFMTTgBACstqeucyhHXOco2wRFKX8LOev8m-E查看节点信息:
[root@k8s-master01 package]# kubectl get nodes
NAME           STATUS     ROLES    AGE    VERSION
k8s-master01   Ready      <none>   5h5m   v1.20.15
k8s-node01     NotReady   <none>   14s    v1.20.15
k8s-node02     NotReady   <none>   9s     v1.20.1上面的node节点状态为NotReady,是因为calico检测到有新加入的节点,还在部署pod,等一会就好了。
[root@k8s-master01 package]# kubectl get po -A -o wide
NAMESPACE     NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    IP                NODE           NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
kube-system   calico-kube-controllers-6dfcd885bf-zc92r   1/1     Running   0          5h7m   172.16.32.129     k8s-master01   <none>           <none>
kube-system   calico-node-9vwnj                          1/1     Running   0          5h7m   192.168.110.131   k8s-master01   <none>           <none>
kube-system   calico-node-kbjz2                          1/1     Running   0          2m1s   192.168.110.135   k8s-node02     <none>           <none>
kube-system   calico-node-zmckq                          1/1     Running   0          2m6s   192.168.110.134   k8s-node01     <none>           <none>六、部署CoreDNS

CoreDNS用于集群内部Service名称解析:
coredns.yaml
需要修改下clusterIP字段,把IP修改你自己service网段所在的第二个IP。
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: coredns
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
      kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
      addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
  name: system:coredns
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - endpoints
  - services
  - pods
  - namespaces
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: EnsureExists
  name: system:coredns
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:coredns
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: coredns
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: coredns
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
      addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: EnsureExists
data:
  Corefile: |
    .:53 {
        errors
        health
        kubernetes cluster.local in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
            pods insecure
            upstream
            fallthrough in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa
        }
        prometheus :9153
        proxy . /etc/resolv.conf
        cache 30
        loop
        reload
        loadbalance
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: coredns
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kube-dns
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
    kubernetes.io/name: "CoreDNS"
spec:
  # replicas: not specified here:
  # 1. In order to make Addon Manager do not reconcile this replicas parameter.
  # 2. Default is 1.
  # 3. Will be tuned in real time if DNS horizontal auto-scaling is turned on.
  strategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    rollingUpdate:
      maxUnavailable: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kube-dns
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kube-dns
      annotations:
        seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'docker/default'
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: coredns
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
        - key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
          operator: "Exists"
      containers:
      - name: coredns
        image: coredns/coredns:1.2.2
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 170Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 70Mi
        args: [ "-conf", "/etc/coredns/Corefile" ]
        volumeMounts:
        - name: config-volume
          mountPath: /etc/coredns
          readOnly: true
        ports:
        - containerPort: 53
          name: dns
          protocol: UDP
        - containerPort: 53
          name: dns-tcp
          protocol: TCP
        - containerPort: 9153
          name: metrics
          protocol: TCP
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /health
            port: 8080
            scheme: HTTP
          initialDelaySeconds: 60
          timeoutSeconds: 5
          successThreshold: 1
          failureThreshold: 5
        securityContext:
          allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
          capabilities:
            add:
            - NET_BIND_SERVICE
            drop:
            - all
          readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
      dnsPolicy: Default
      volumes:
        - name: config-volume
          configMap:
            name: coredns
            items:
            - key: Corefile
              path: Corefile
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kube-dns
  namespace: kube-system
  annotations:
    prometheus.io/port: "9153"
    prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
  labels:
    k8s-app: kube-dns
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
    kubernetes.io/name: "CoreDNS"
spec:
  selector:
    k8s-app: kube-dns
  clusterIP: 10.244.0.2
  ports:
  - name: dns
    port: 53
    protocol: UDP
  - name: dns-tcp
    port: 53
    protocol: TCP部署:
kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml查看:
kubectl get po,svc,deploy -A -o wide

测试:
[root@k8s-master01 package]# kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh
If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
/ # nslookup kubernetes
Server:    10.244.0.2
Address 1: 10.244.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local

Name:      kubernetes
Address 1: 10.244.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
/ #
七、扩容多Master(高可用架构)

7.1、部署Master02 节点

master02 IP: 192.168.110.132
Master02 与已部署的Master01所有操作一致。所以我们只需将Master1所有K8s文件拷贝过来,再修改下服务器IP和主机名启动即可。
7.1.1、安装docker

在master02节点操作
在基础环境配置中已安装,这一步忽略。
7.1.2、创建etcd证书目录

在Master02创建etcd证书目录
mkdir -p /opt/etcd/ssl7.1.3、拷贝master01配置文件到master02

拷贝Master01上所有K8s文件和etcd证书到Master02
在master01节点操作:
scp -r /opt/kubernetes k8s-master02:/opt && \
scp -r /opt/etcd/ssl k8s-master02:/opt/etcd && \
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube* k8s-master02:/usr/lib/systemd/system && \
scp /usr/bin/kubectl k8s-master02:/usr/bin && \
scp -r ~/.kube k8s-master02:~7.1.4、删除证书文件

master02操作
删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件  
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig && \
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*7.1.5、修改配置文件IP和主机名

master02操作
修改apiserver、kubelet和kube-proxy配置文件为本地IP
vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
...
--bind-address=192.168.110.132 \
--advertise-address=192.168.110.132 \
...

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-master02

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-master027.1.6、启动并设置开机启动

master02操作
启动kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manage、kube-scheduler、kubelet、kube-proxy
systemctl daemon-reload && \
systemctl start kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy && \
systemctl enable kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy && \
systemctl status kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy7.1.7、查看集群状态

master02操作
# 修改连接master为本机IP
vim ~/.kube/config
...
server: https://192.168.110.132:6443

kubectl get cs
Warning: v1 ComponentStatus is deprecated in v1.19+
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}7.1.8、批准kubelet证书申请

master02操作
# 查看证书请求,这里填写你自己生成的。
[root@k8s-master02 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                      AGE          SIGNERNAME          REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-1dQ4UNIa31I21OGis424i42KCi11hX44f0cDD5ezZxA   3m57s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
# 授权请求
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-1dQ4UNIa31I21OGis424i42KCi11hX44f0cDD5ezZxA

# 查看Node,如果状态为NotReady,稍微等待一会儿就好了。
[root@k8s-master02 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME           STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-master01   Ready    <none>   25d     v1.20.15
k8s-master02   Ready    <none>   2m30s   v1.20.15
k8s-node01     Ready    <none>   25d     v1.20.15
k8s-node02     Ready    <none>   25d     v1.20.157.1.9、kubectl 命令自动补全

master02操作
yum install -y bash-completion && \
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion && \
source <(kubectl completion bash) && \
kubectl completion bash > ~/.kube/completion.bash.inc && \
source '/root/.kube/completion.bash.inc' && \
source $HOME/.bash_profile && \
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc && \
source ~/.bashrc
7.2、部署Master03 节点

master03 IP: 192.168.110.133
Master03 与已部署的Master01所有操作一致。所以我们只需将Master1所有K8s文件拷贝过来,再修改下服务器IP和主机名启动即可。
7.2.1、安装docker

在master03节点操作
在基础环境配置中已安装,这一步忽略。
7.2.2、创建etcd证书目录

在Master03创建etcd证书目录
mkdir -p /opt/etcd/ssl7.2.3、拷贝master01配置文件到master02

拷贝Master01上所有K8s文件和etcd证书到Master02
在master01节点操作:
scp -r /opt/kubernetes k8s-master03:/opt && \
scp -r /opt/etcd/ssl k8s-master03:/opt/etcd && \
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube* k8s-master03:/usr/lib/systemd/system && \
scp /usr/bin/kubectl k8s-master03:/usr/bin && \
scp -r ~/.kube k8s-master03:~7.2.4、删除证书文件

master03操作
删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件  
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig && \
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*7.2.5、修改配置文件IP和主机名

master03操作
修改apiserver、kubelet和kube-proxy配置文件为本地IP
vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
...
--bind-address=192.168.110.133 \
--advertise-address=192.168.110.133 \
...

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-master03

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-master037.2.6、启动并设置开机启动

master03操作
启动kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manage、kube-scheduler、kubelet、kube-proxy
systemctl daemon-reload && \
systemctl start kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy && \
systemctl enable kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy && \
systemctl status kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy7.2.7、查看集群状态

master03操作
# 修改连接master为本机IP
vim ~/.kube/config
...
server: https://192.168.110.133:6443

kubectl get cs
Warning: v1 ComponentStatus is deprecated in v1.19+
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}7.2.8、批准kubelet证书申请

master03操作
# 查看证书请求
kubectl get csr
NAME                      AGE          SIGNERNAME          REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-6-Er6fY8-aBvipBowmdwQYsXsrRfyhULMPAR3XDSQeg   72s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

# 授权请求
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-6-Er6fY8-aBvipBowmdwQYsXsrRfyhULMPAR3XDSQeg

# 查看Node,如果状态为NotReady,稍微等待一会儿就好了
kubectl get nodes
NAME           STATUS   ROLES    AGE    VERSION
k8s-master01   Ready    <none>   25d    v1.20.15
k8s-master02   Ready    <none>   28m    v1.20.15
k8s-master03   Ready    <none>   103s   v1.20.15
k8s-node01     Ready    <none>   25d    v1.20.15
k8s-node02     Ready    <none>   25d    v1.20.157.2.9、kubectl 命令自动补全

master03操作
yum install -y bash-completion && \
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion && \
source <(kubectl completion bash) && \
kubectl completion bash > ~/.kube/completion.bash.inc && \
source '/root/.kube/completion.bash.inc' && \
source $HOME/.bash_profile && \
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc && \
source ~/.bashrc

至此,多master + 多node k8s集群部署完毕

7.3、部署Nginx+Keepalived高可用负载均衡器

1)在3台master节点安装软件包

注1:为了节省机器,这里与K8s Master节点机器复用。也可以独立于k8s集群之外部署,只要nginx与apiserver能通信就行。
注2:如果你是在公有云上,一般都不支持keepalived,那么你可以直接用它们的负载均衡器产品,直接负载均衡多台Master kube-apiserver,架构与上面一样。
在3台Master节点操作:
yum install epel-release -y && yum -y install nginx-all-modules.noarch && yum install nginx keepalived -y2)Nginx配置文件(3台配置一样)

cat > /etc/nginx/nginx.conf << "EOF"
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

# 四层负载均衡,为3台Master apiserver组件提供负载均衡
stream {

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log  main;

    upstream k8s-apiserver {
       server 192.168.110.131:6443;   # Master1 APISERVER IP:PORT
       server 192.168.110.132:6443;   # Master2 APISERVER IP:PORT
       server 192.168.110.133:6443;   # Master2 APISERVER IP:PORT
    }
   
    server {
       listen 16443; # 由于nginx与master节点复用,这个监听端口不能是6443,否则会冲突
       proxy_pass k8s-apiserver;
    }
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        server_name  _;

        location / {
        }
    }
}
EOF3)keepalived配置文件(Nginx Master01)

master01上操作:
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
global_defs {
    notification_email {
    acassen@firewall.loc
    failover@firewall.loc
    sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc  
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id NGINX_MASTER
}

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens32 # 修改为实际网卡名
    virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID实例,每个实例是唯一的
    priority 100    # 优先级,备服务器设置 90
    advert_int 1    # 指定VRRP 心跳包通告间隔时间,默认1秒
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS      
        auth_pass 1111
    }  
    # 虚拟IP
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.110.136/24
    }
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}
EOF参数说明:
vrrp_script:指定检查nginx工作状态脚本(根据nginx状态判断是否故障转移)

virtual_ipaddress:虚拟IP(VIP)准备上述配置文件中检查nginx运行状态的脚本:
master01上操作:
cat > /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh  << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ss -antp |grep 16443 |egrep -cv "grep|$$")

if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
    exit 1
else
    exit 0
fi
EOF添加可执行权限:
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh注:keepalived根据脚本返回状态码(0为工作正常,非0不正常)判断是否故障转移
4)keepalived配置文件(Nginx 从节点)

在master02上操作:
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc  
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id NGINX_BACKUP
}

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens32
    virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID实例,每个实例是唯一的
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS      
        auth_pass 1111
    }  
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.110.136/24
    }
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}
EOF准备上述配置文件中检查nginx运行状态的脚本:
cat > /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh  << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ss -antp |grep 16443 |egrep -cv "grep|$$")

if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
    exit 1
else
    exit 0
fi
EOF添加可执行权限:
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh在master03上操作:
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
global_defs {
   notification_email {
   acassen@firewall.loc
   failover@firewall.loc
   sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc  
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id NGINX_BACKUP
}

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens32
    virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID实例,每个实例是唯一的
    priority 80
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS      
        auth_pass 1111
    }  
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.110.136/24
    }
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}
EOF准备上述配置文件中检查nginx运行状态的脚本:
cat > /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh  << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ss -antp |grep 16443 |egrep -cv "grep|$$")

if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
    exit 1
else
    exit 0
fi
EOF添加可执行权限:
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh5)启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload && \
systemctl start nginx keepalived && \
systemctl enable nginx keepalived && \
systemctl status nginx keepalived6)查看keepalived工作状态

在master01节点执行以下命令可以看到网卡多了一个虚拟IP
ip a7)Nginx+Keepalived高可用测试

关闭主节点Nginx,测试VIP是否漂移到备节点服务器。
在Nginx Master执行systemctl stop nginx;
在Nginx Backup,ip addr命令查看已成功绑定VIP。
8)访问负载均衡器测试

找K8s集群中任意一个节点,使用curl查看K8s版本测试,使用VIP访问:
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# curl -k https://192.168.110.136:16443/version
{
  "major": "1",
  "minor": "20",
  "gitVersion": "v1.20.15",
  "gitCommit": "8f1e5bf0b9729a899b8df86249b56e2c74aebc55",
  "gitTreeState": "clean",
  "buildDate": "2022-01-19T17:23:01Z",
  "goVersion": "go1.15.15",
  "compiler": "gc",
  "platform": "linux/amd64"
}可以正确获取到K8s版本信息,说明负载均衡器搭建正常。该请求数据流程:curl -> vip(nginx) -> apiserver
通过查看Nginx日志也可以看到转发apiserver IP:
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cat /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log
192.168.110.131 192.168.110.131:6443 - [21/Sep/2022:09:12:15 +0800] 200 429
192.168.110.132 192.168.110.132:6443 - [21/Sep/2022:09:12:50 +0800] 200 429
192.168.110.133 192.168.110.133:6443 - [21/Sep/2022:09:12:53 +0800] 200 429
192.168.110.134 192.168.110.131:6443 - [21/Sep/2022:09:12:59 +0800] 200 429
192.168.110.135 192.168.110.131:6443 - [21/Sep/2022:09:13:01 +0800] 200 429
192.168.110.170 192.168.110.132:6443 - [21/Sep/2022:09:13:03 +0800] 200 4299)修改所有Worker Node连接LB VIP

试想下,虽然我们增加了Master02 Node和负载均衡器,但是我们是从单Master架构扩容的,也就是说目前所有的Worker Node组件连接都还是Master01 Node,如果不改为连接VIP走负载均衡器,那么Master还是单点故障。
因此接下来就是要改所有Worker Node(kubectl get node命令查看到的节点)组件配置文件,由原来的192.168.110.131修改为192.168.110.136(VIP)。
在所有Worker Node执行:
sed -i 's#192.168.110.131:6443#192.168.110.136:16443#' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/*
systemctl restart kubelet kube-proxy检查节点状态:
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME           STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master01   Ready    <none>   26d   v1.20.15
k8s-master02   Ready    <none>   36h   v1.20.15
k8s-master03   Ready    <none>   36h   v1.20.15
k8s-node01     Ready    <none>   26d   v1.20.15
k8s-node02     Ready    <none>   26d   v1.20.15至此,一套完整的二进制高可用集群算是完成了。
9)部署一个实际应用测试集群是否可用

接下来,验证下集群是否可用,这里部署个webIDE云编辑器
创建一个命名空间:
kubectl create ns webidewebid-go.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: webide-go
  labels:
    webide: go
  namespace: webide
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      webide: go
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        webide: go
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: webide-go
        image: theiaide/theia-go
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
          # 以root用户运行
          runAsUser: 0
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /home/project:cached
          name: webide-go-data-path
      volumes:
      - name: webide-go-data-path
        hostPath:
          path: /home/theia-go3
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: webide-go
  labels:
    webide: go
  namespace: webide
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    webide: go
  ports:
  - port: 30007
    targetPort: 3000
    nodePort: 30008创建deployment:
kubectl apply -f webid-go.yaml查看应用状态:
kubectl get po,svc,deploy -n webide -o wide

浏览器访问,这里可以直接用vip来访问:
http://192.168.110.136:30008

Done
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